![]() ![]() This broader conception is typically illustrated by a list of orphaned genres. The neglect might be physical (a deteriorated film print), commercial (an unreleased movie), cultural (censored footage), historical (a forgotten World War I-era production) or technical (footage from television commercials and series or music videos). However, a much wider group of works fall under the orphan rubric when the term is expanded to refer to all manner of films that have been neglected. ![]() As a category of so-called orphan works, orphan films are those “that lack either clear copyright holders or commercial potential” to pay for their preservation. A report from the Librarian of Congress, Film Preservation 1993, offered a first definition. Historians and archivists define the term in both a narrow and a broad sense. Before the end of the decade, the phrase emerged as the governing metaphor for film preservation, first in the United States, then internationally. By the 1990s, however, film archivists were commonly using this colloquialism to refer to motion pictures abandoned by their owners. The exact origin of the term orphan film is unclear.
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